Assessment the Levels of Antibodies (Anti-TTG and Anti-AGA) in the Serum of Patients with Celiac Disease
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Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder defined by distinct serological and histological alterations induced by the consumption of gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. This study aims to assess the levels of antibodies (anti - tTG and anti - AGA) as in the serum of patients with celiac disease. This case-control study involved 85 celiac disease patients (35 males and 50 females) recruited between July 2023 and December 2023. Samples were collected from the Internal Medicine Unit at Al-Sadder Medical City and the Specialized Hospital for Gastroenterology and Hepatology in Al-Najaf province. The age of the patients ranged from 5 to 60 years old. All patients underwent comprehensive general and clinical examinations to validate the diagnosis of CD using various serological kits ( tTG - IgA, tTG - IgG, AGA - IgA,& AGA – IgG ). A healthy control groups comprising 30 individuals comparable for (age and sex) was also included. The findings of the present study indicated that no significant differences were observed among patients with age groups, and most patients with celiac disease were between (15-24) years. The present data revealed that females in CD patients presented in a significant high percentage (58.82%) than male (41.17%).
In relation to serum levels of anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-TTG) antibodies, including IgA and IgG, in patients with celiac disease (CD), the level between 12 and 18 AU/ml considered as an equivocal threshold serves as the distinguishing point between positive and negative results. There was no significant difference observed (p > 0.05) between level of anti-TTG IgA& IgG in celiac disease patients. The mean of anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-TTG) IgA antibody level was 72.06±91.45 AU/ ml in the patient groups. 75 out of 85(88.23%) of CD patients appeared with positive values (>18 AU/ml) with no significant difference with negative value. The mean of anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-TTG) IgG antibody level was 51.88±57.69 AU/ ml. The patients with negative results falling below the 12 AU/ml was 14.11% while those with positive values (>18 AU/ml) were 85.88% with significant difference. There was a significantdifference (p<0.05) between level of anti-AGA IgA& anti-AGA IgG in CD patients. the positive anti-AGA (IgA&IgG)cases of patient group were higher (68.9% and 88.23%) than negative results (31.1% and 11.76 %), respectivelly with no significant difference.
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