International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Bio Medical Science

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Megalaspis Cordyla Scutes: Characterization and Biological Activity

2026-11-02T15:54:16+00:00

Fish processing industry generates substantial waste, including fish scales, creating environmental and disposal challenges. This study aimed at valorization of Megalaspis cordyla scutes for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity. An aqueous extract of M. cordyla scutes were used as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent for AgNP synthesis. The Megalaspis cordyla scutes silver nanoparticles (MSEAgNPs) were characterized using UV–Visible spectroscopy, FESEM–EDX, TEM–SAED, DLS, zeta potential, and ATR–FTIR. The MSEAgNPs were assessed for antimicrobial activity using agar well diffusion (alone or in combination with streptomycin or clotrimazole) and minimum inhibition concentration against E. coli, S. aureus and C. albicans, and for in vitro cytotoxicity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The MSEAgNPs exhibited crystalline spherical structure with size range from 6–12 nm, a distinct surface plasmon resonance at ~430 nm, and long-term structural stability (>1 year). The FTIR analysis indicated collagen-mediated reduction and surface stabilization. The nanoparticles demonstrated concentration-dependent antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. The MSEAgNPs showed a dose-dependent cytotoxicity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. This study demonstrates an eco-friendly valorization of scutes of M. cordyla for synthesis of stable multifunctional AgNPs. Our findings highlight the potential of MSEAgNPs as antimicrobial agents and valorization of fish processing waste as a viable resource for circular bioeconomy.

Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV) Intervention in Severe Anxiety Disorder with Claustrophobic Features and Hyperactive Airway Disease in an Adolescent Male: A Case Study

2026-11-04T03:46:38+00:00

Case presentation: A 15-year-old male presented with acute chest discomfort, palpitations, dyspnoea on exertion, and swallowing difficulties, initially diagnosed as hyperactive airway disease with anxiety disorder. Despite hospital-based interventions including IV fluids, antibiotics, nebulisation, and counselling, symptoms persisted, severely impairing daily functioning.

YPV intervention: Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV) healing protocols were initiated, including psychotherapy, lung cleansing, chakra cleansing, and heart ailment protocols.

Results: Within 15 days, the patient demonstrated progressive recovery: improved sleep, normalized breathing, resolution of swallowing difficulties, and enhanced mobility. Additionally, by day 11, vision improved unexpectedly, enabling reading without spectacles. The patient resumed school attendance within two weeks.

Conclusions: This case highlights the potential of YPV as an integrative therapy for severe anxiety disorder with somatic manifestations, offering rapid symptomatic relief and functional recovery.

Evaluation of the Histological & Biochemical Changes in the Ovaries of Wistar Rats Following Exposure to Graded Electrical Injury

2026-11-12T06:59:57+00:00

Background: Electrical injury is an important environmental and occupational hazard that can cause multi organ damage through thermal injury, electroporation, vascular disruption, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Its impact on the female reproductive system, particularly the ovaries, remains poorly understood. Therefore this study investigates the effects of graded electrical injury on the ovary of adult Wistar rats.

Methods: Twenty four female Wistar rats were randomly into four groups: Group A: control, Group B, C and D receive 110, 220 and 330Volts respectively. Malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, catalase, superoxide dismutase, estradiol, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and caspase-9 level were measured using standard biochemical procedures and ELISA technique. Ovarian tissues were processed for histological examination. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s post hoc test, with significance set at p < 0.05.

Results: MDA, CAT, estradiol, progesterone, and FSH did not differ significantly among groups (p > 0.05). GSH was significantly reduced in the 220 V and 330 V groups (5.42 ± 0.57 and 6.38 ± 0.94 μM, respectively) compared with the control (9.88 ± 3.58 μM), while SOD activity was significantly elevated at 330 V (0.26 ± 0.05 vs 0.06 ± 0.00 U/mL). LH concentrations were significantly higher in the 110 V and 330 V groups (4.85 ± 0.50 and 5.90 ± 0.28 ng/mL, respectively) than in the control (3.10 ± 0.00 ng/mL). Caspase-9 levels increased progressively with increasing voltage exposure (7.17 ± 0.48, 9.42 ± 0.85, and 14.88 ± 1.18 ng/mL versus 3.88 ± 0.66 ng/mL in the control), consistent with increased apoptotic activity. Histological examination demonstrated progressive ovarian injury, ranging from mild vascular and cellular changes at 110V to marked follicular disruption, hemorrhage, vacuolation, pyknosis, and extensive cellular degeneration at 330 V.

Conclusion: The study concludes that graded electrical injury induce ovarian tissue damage both histologically and biochemically.