Evaluation of Anti-Obesity Effect of Bromhexine using HFD Fed Rats

Abstract

Obesity is a long-term metabolic disease characterised by an excess of energy stored in adipose tissue, leading to oxidative stress, inflammation, and malfunction of adipocytes. The rising number of non-communicable diseases demands consideration to behavioural risk factors such as elevated body mass index. The aim of this study is to evaluate anti-obesity effect of bromhexine using HFD fed rats. Obesity was induced in male wistar rats by high fat diet. The animals were divided in 5 groups: (I) Control group received rat chow diet (II) Model control received HFD (III) Standard group was administered orlistat (10 mg/kg, p.o.,) along with HFD (IV) Treatment group was administered treatment drug bromhexine (5 mg/kg, p.o.,) + HFD (V) Treatment group was administered treatment drug bromhexine (10 mg/kg, p.o.,) + HFD. Estimation of anthropometric, haemodynamic, left ventricular function, biochemical, pancreatic lipase activity, antioxidant and histopathology were performed. HFD control animals developed the signs of obesity including elevated abdominal fat deposition, hypertension, altered lipid profile (TG, TCHL, HDL, and VLDL), and increased oxidative stress markers. The analysis of left ventricular function (LVEDP, dp/dtmax., dp/dtmin) presented promising results. Bromhexine treatment (5 mg & 10 mg) prevented elevation in blood pressure, oxidative stress and ameliorated lipid profile, liver profile and glucose tolerance indicating the protective effect of bromhexine in improving of lipid, liver enzyme and glucose levels. Pancreatic lipase activity was performed bromhexine (10mg/kg) showed significant inhibition. Furthermore, histopathological studies also indicates that bromhexine ameliorates obesity. Bromhexine dose of 10mg/kg has shown promising results in ameliorating obesity.