Evaluation of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Garcinia Kola on Testicular Morphology of Adult Male Wistar Rats'
Main Article Content
Abstract
Despite its medicinal value, bitter kola is known as a prayer nut, and traditional lifestyle has brought us much food, such as "chewing of bitter kola and its resources." Thirty-five male Wistar rats weighing between 160. to 200.g were divided into seven groups based on weight similarity. For 21 days, Group A was the control and was given only rat meal and water ad libitum, Group B (LDAEG) and C (HDAEG) were given500mg/kg and 1000mg/kg of G. kola aqueous extract, Group D (LDEEG) and E (HDEEG) were given500mg/kg and 1000mg/kgof G. kola ethanolic extract, and Group F (LDAEEG) and G (HDAEEG) were co-treated with 500mg/kg and 1000mg/kg of G. kola aqueous and ethanolic extracts respectively. The rats were weighed and sacrificed on day 21, and their testes were harvested and fixed for histological studies. SPSS version 23 was used to analyse the data, and each group's mean and standard deviation were calculated. Our findings show that the experimental group had a considerable rise in body weight above the control group. The histological results of the testes showed normal features in the control group and mild inactive seminiferous tubules in the test groups. According to our findings, bitter kola has no negative effects on the Wistar rats' testes, especially when taken in low doses.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
I. Abarikwu SO, Farombi EO, Pant AB (2012) Kolaviron biflavanoids of Garcinia Kola seeds protect atrazine-induced cytotoxicity in primary cultures of rat leydig cells. Int J Toxicol 31(4): 407-415.
II. Aguwa, U.S., Ovie, F.O., Keme, E.T. & Olu, S.I. (2018). Effect of Formalin Inhalation on the Cerebellum of Adult Male Wistar Rat. International Invention of Scientific Journal, 2(2), 80-84.
III. Ahumibe AA, Braide BV (2009) Effect of gavage treatment with pulverised garcinia kolaseeds on erythrocyte membrane integrity and selected haematological indices in male albino Wistar rats. Nig J Physiological Sciences 24 (1): 47-52.
IV. Braide V.P. Anti inflammatory effect of Kolaviron a biflavoniod extract of Garcinia kola. Fitoterapia, LXIV: 1993; 433-436.
V. Braide V.P. Antihepatotoxic and Biochemical effects of Kolaviron, a biflavonoid of Garcinia kola seeds. Phytotherapy Research. 1991; 5: 35-37.
VI. Bravo, L. Polyphenols: Chemistry, dietary sources, metabolism and nutritional significances. Nutrition Review; 1999; 56 (11): 317-33.
VII. Conley, С. L. The Blood: In medical Physiology, ed. By Vernon В. М. 1974; 1027-57.
VIII. Dalziel, I.M. The useful plants in West Tropical Africa handbook. 2nd printing, Crown agents. 2017
IX. Hong – X. I and Song F. L. Activity of plant Flavonoids Against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria. Phythother. Res. 2001; 15:39-43.
X. Iwu, M, Igbok OA, Okunji CO, Temposta MS. Antidiabetic and aldose reductase activities of biflavonones of Garcinia kola. Journal of Pharm Pharmacol. 1999; 42:290-2
XI. Lorke D (1983) A new approach to practical acute toxicity testing. Archives of Toxicology 54: 275-287.
XII. Mainasara, M. M., Aliero, B. L., Yakubu, A. A Phytochemical and Bacterial Properties of Roots and Leaf extracts of CalotropisProcera 2012
XIII. Mosunmola BO, Isaac OA, Efere MO, Rufus OA, Olugbenga AA (2017) Assessment of the Effects of Graded Doses of Polyphenolic-Rich Fraction of Garcinia kola Seeds on Pituitary-Testicular Axis of Male Wistar Rats. Dose Response 15(4): 1-8.
XIV. National Institute of Health. Laboratory Animal Welfare. United State Department of Health and Human Services. 1985;14:8.
XV. Obi AU, Nwoha PU (2014) Effects of Kolaviron, the Major Constituent of Garciniakola, on the Histology of the Hypothalamus, Pituitary, and Testes Using Adult Male Wistar Rats as a Model Organism. Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research 2: 80-87.
XVI. Ovie F.O , Ndukwe G.U , Oliver N. L, Obi K.C, Aguwa U.S Olu S.I (2019). Effect of Aqueous extract on carica papaya seed and back on the Testes and sperm morphology of male wister rats. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 9, Issue 9, September 2019 ISSN 2250-3153
XVII. Tcheghebe TO, Signe M, Seukep JM, Tatong FN (2016) Review on traditional uses, phytochemical and pharmacological profiles of Garcinia kola Merit Research Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences 4(11): 480-489.
XVIII. Tita, R. K, Odeigah P. G. C, Agomo, P. U. and Bassey E. Some properties of Medicinal Plants used by the Igbos of Nigeria. In Triats, tracts and Traces. 2001; 209-210